When Do Studios Plan and Write Sequels to Movies?

The decision to plan and write sequels before the first movie releases is not uncommon in the film industry. Studios often make these decisions based on a variety of factors, including the potential success of the original film, positive reception from audiences, and broader creative vision. Let's delve deeper into this practice and explore examples and industry insights.

Franchise Potential and Planning

One of the primary reasons studios plan sequels is due to franchise potential. For instance, many superhero films and epic fantasy trilogies are designed to be part of an expansive universe from the beginning. The success of movies like the Harry Potter series and the Star Wars franchise has shown that audiences eagerly anticipate and support film series that offer a rich, interconnected world. Studios often invest in developing a roadmap for these franchises, allowing them to create a cohesive story arc that spans multiple films.

Positive Reception and Speedy Sequels

Another significant factor is the positive reception of the first film. If early screenings or test audiences react favorably, studios may choose to fast-track the development of a sequel. This was the case with Superman, where the original 1978 film and its sequel, Superman II, were being filmed concurrently. Despite the iconic partnership of Richard Donner and Richard Lester, the second film faced significant re-shoots due to creative differences and Donner's firing from the project.

Wider Creative Vision

Certain filmmakers also have a broad creative vision that necessitates the creation of multiple films. Lord of the Rings, directed by Peter Jackson, was always intended to be a three-part trilogy. Similarly, Ralph Bakshi's animated adaptation of Lord of the Rings was initially conceived as a two-part series before evolving into a trilogy. These comprehensive story arcs often drive the creation of detailed scripts and storyboards well in advance of the first film's release.

Market Strategy and Strategic Planning

A strategic approach to marketing and audience engagement also plays a crucial role in planning sequels. Studios may choose to film the next installment in advance to maintain interest and capitalize on the success of the first movie. For example, in franchises like Marvel and DC, sequels and supporting films are often pre-scheduled and in various stages of production. These strategic decisions help to ensure that fans have a clear timeline for when to expect the next installment.

Case Studies and Industry Insights

Let's look at some specific examples:

Lord of the Rings (2001-2003): Peter Jackson's trilogy was meticulously planned from the start, illustrating a long-term creative vision and market strategy. Superman (1978-1980): The decision to film and release the first two Superman films concurrently even led to the re-shooting of scenes after Richard Donner's departure. Marvel and DC Films: Franchises like Marvel's Avengers and DC's Justice League have sequels and spin-offs that are planned and sometimes filmed in advance, ensuring consistent demand and continuity in storytelling.

While the number of scripts registered annually with the Writers Guild of America (WGA) suggests that a high number of sequels are indeed being written, it's important to note that not all of these scripts are greenlit. For many independent films or smaller production companies, the financial success of the first film is a deciding factor before proceeding with subsequent sequels.

Conclusion

In summary, the decision to plan and write sequels to movies often depends on a combination of franchise potential, positive audience reception, creative vision, and strategic market planning. Whether a sequel is written and scheduled in advance or released after the success of the first film, the production landscape of the film industry is constantly evolving to meet the demands and expectations of audiences worldwide.