The Evolution of Journalism Training: From On-the-Job to Formal Education

Journalism training has undergone significant changes over the years. While in the past journalists received extensive training, this is no longer the case in many parts of the world, particularly in the UK. This article explores the changes in journalism training, providing insights into why these changes occurred and the implications for both aspiring journalists and news organizations.

The Traditional Pathway

Back in the day, becoming a news reporter didn't necessarily require a formal degree or advanced skills. Instead, journalists entered the field with a combination of enthusiasm, potential, and work experience. For instance, as a junior reporter on a local newspaper, one might work for two weeks as an intern before being offered a position. These early positions often involved being thrown into the deep end, with full-time experience serving as the primary educator.

After gaining a year of on-the-job experience, aspiring journalists would often attend block releases for professional training in areas such as newspaper practice, law, and public administration. Succeeding in these exams would allow them to progress to senior roles, eventually becoming a chief sub-editor. This path was not without challenges, but it also offered individuals a unique opportunity for hands-on learning.

Modern Changes

Nowadays, the landscape has changed significantly. In the UK, the traditional pathway for training journalists is much less common. Training in journalism, much like in many other fields, has shifted to being primarily an individual obligation. This shift has several implications:

Students now often have to pay for their education, which was not the case in the past. Work experience is no longer a requirement for many positions, making it harder for aspiring journalists to gain the necessary exposure. Employers are looking for pre-determined qualifications and substantial experience, increasing the burden on job seekers.

While companies save money and universities benefit from a larger influx of students, individuals face a more challenging path to success in journalism. Despite these changes, some organizations still offer training schemes, with the BBC and Sky being notable examples. Additionally, some national newspapers, such as the Guardian and the Mail, also provide training programs.

Country-Specific Observations

In Norway, the hiring process for journalists also differs. While some training programs do exist, they are not as prevalent as they once were. Unlike in the UK, aspiring journalists in Norway often enter the field with relevant experience from internships, freelance work, and school projects. These diverse experiences are expected to serve as a stepping stone into the job market.

For instance, a newly hired journalist might not receive extensive training initially. Instead, they are expected to deliver content immediately. However, during the first few months, they might work on simpler stories to help them build a network of contacts. This approach emphasizes practical, immediate impact rather than extensive formal training.

The Role of Training Post-Hire

While on-the-job training is still prevalent, it is increasingly common for journalists to have some training prior to hiring. Where new journalists are hired, it is often expected that they have already undergone some formal education or have gained significant experience through other means. For example, student newspapers at colleges and universities provide a lot of training. College classes often cover important subjects such as libel law, which is crucial for any journalist.

Upon joining a non-student newspaper, aspiring journalists often receive practical training from their editor. This might involve a brief tour of the town to familiarize them with sources of news and introductions to key contacts. Once they understand the local landscape and establish a network, they are better equipped to produce high-quality journalism.

Conclusion

While the traditional pathway of on-the-job training for journalists is no longer as prevalent as it once was, the importance of learning and continuous improvement remains critical. Aspiring journalists must adapt to the changing landscape and seek out alternative methods of gaining the necessary skills and experience. Whether through formal education, internships, or hands-on learning, the journey to becoming a successful journalist is more challenging but also more diverse and flexible.