Exploring the Genre of Scarface 1983: Beyond the Mafia

Introduction

The 1983 film Scarface directed by Brian De Palma and written by Oliver Stone has often been classified as a mafia film. However, a closer examination of the film reveals that it more profoundly falls into the category of a crime film centered around drug trafficking and organized criminal activities, rather than a traditional mafia narrative. This article delves into the nuances of the film's genre and genre classification, providing a comprehensive analysis of its themes and adaptations.

The Concept of Mafia in Cinematic Context

The term Mafia specifically refers to organized criminal groups within Italy, such as those from Sicily and Naples. In contrast, the criminal organizations in the United States, involved in organized crime, are referred to as the Cosa Nostra or the Chicago Outfit. It is essential to recognize that the 1983 film Scarface does not center around these traditional Italian-American mafia groups but rather explores a specific illegal organization in Miami.

The Specific Makeup of Organizations in Scarface

The criminal organization to which Tony Montana, the protagonist, belongs is the unnamed Miami Drug World organization, filled with Cuban refugee criminals. This legal loophole was exploited during President Carter’s ill-fated rescue mission, called the Mariel Boatlift of 1980. This period saw the entry of many Cuban refugees into the United States, including those with cartel connections. As a result, the film portrays a unique blend of organized crime and drug trafficking, setting it apart from traditional mafia films.

The Misconceptions Surrounding the Classification of Scarface

While many viewers and critics classify Scarface as a mafia film, there are clear reasons why this categorization is not entirely accurate. For a movie to be classified as a mafia film, it must deal with specific elements of the Italian Mafia. Movies like The Godfather or Serpico are considered mafia films because they portray the intricate web of rituals, traditions, and family dynamics within these groups. In contrast, Scarface lacks these key elements. It tells the gritty story of a Cuban immigrant who rises to power in the Miami drug scene but does not delve into the specifics of an organized crime family or the cultural and historical roots that define a traditional mafia narrative.

Specific Details in Scarface

Anthony "Tony" Montana’s mother disapproves of his criminal activities, and his sister is mentioned as a beneficiary of his crimes, indicating the societal impact of his actions. However, there is no mention of a commission system or the presence of a strict organizational hierarchy common in traditional mafia films. Additionally, Tony has no traditions or rituals associated with his criminal activities, nor are there any cultural markers that would suggest a connection to a specific Italian mafia group. The film lacks the familiar father-son dynamics and family structures that are central to many mafia stories.

Furthermore, the 1932 film Scarface, based on the 1929 play City Girl by Arnaud d'Usville, could be more accurately classified as a mafia film. This earlier version is set in the Italian underworld and includes elements such as the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, which align more closely with the structured and ritualistic nature of the Italian mafia. In contrast, the 1983 film, while dealing with similar themes of ambition, violence, and organized crime, fits more comfortably into the category of a drama or crime film centered around drug trafficking and motorcycle gangs.

Conclusion

While Scarface 1983 shares thematic similarities with mafia films, it is more accurately classified as a crime film focused on the drug trade and organized criminal activities. The 1983 version does not feature the specific cultural and structural elements that define a traditional mafia narrative. Instead, it presents a more contemporary and realistic portrayal of drug trafficking and the aggressive pursuit of power, making it a central figure in the broader crime film genre.