Exploring the Differences Between Feature and Short Screenplays

The creation of a feature screenplay versus a short screenplay involves distinct challenges and considerations. While the basic elements of storytelling remain similar, the structure, complexity, and stakes differ significantly. This article will delve into these differences, providing insights into what makes each type of screenplay unique and challenging.

Understanding the Differences: Story Engine and Stakes

The primary difference between a feature screenplay and a short screenplay lies in the story engine and the stakes. A short screenplay focuses on capturing a moment or a series of moments quickly and effectively, often with a single, compelling premise. For example, a short film could explore the struggle of a person trying to catch a driving mouse or the drama of a man racing to the hospital to deliver his wife. While these premises can be engaging, they typically lack the depth and escalating complexity needed to sustain interest for an extended runtime.

In contrast, a feature screenplay demands a more intricately crafted story with rising conflict and escalating stakes. Characters are pushed to their limits, and their resolve must grow or change throughout the narrative. This dynamic is evident in both romantic comedies and war movies, where the story's tension and character development are crucial to maintaining audience engagement.

The Length and Complexity of Feature Screenplays

Feature screenplays are inherently longer and more complex than their short counterparts. Movies are longer and do not have commercial breaks, which means every scene and event must contribute significantly to the overall narrative. For example, a feature screenplay might delve into the lives of a marine biologist, a family, or a time traveler across multiple scenes and storylines. Consider the following:

The Marine Biologist Seinfeld (75) Bowling Malcolm in Middle Season 2, Episode 20 The Crimson Horror Dr. Who 237, with the delicious Diana Rigg! Almost every episode of Brooklyn 99 and Modern Family

Given the extended runtime, feature screenplays require a more muscular story structure, with numerous events, scenes, and storylines interwoven to create a cohesive and engaging narrative.

Writing Challenges and Structuring the Screenplay

Writing both feature and short screenplays is equally challenging. Both require action-driven stories and a relentless focus on maintaining audience engagement. The process of bringing a story idea to life involves several key steps:

Identifying a compelling idea Pressure-testing the idea to ensure it captures and holds attention from start to finish Generating and distilling numerous possibilities into a series of unique and surprising yet plausible events Starting, finishing, and revising the script

One significant difference between short and feature screenplays is the time it takes to write them. Short films often require less time, making it more likely for writers to complete their work. For new screenwriters, starting from existing material can be a beneficial exercise. Writing a spec script based on an existing television series can help demonstrate the writer's ability to fit within the framework of a show. However, original work has become more valuable as a job-finding tool.

Practical Tips for Screenwriters

To improve your craft, consider the following tips:

Write every day: Set deadlines for finishing your work to maintain momentum. Focus on character and situation: Utilize existing material to focus on the hardest-to-master elements of screenwriting. Keep a notebook of ideas: Regularly review and refine your ideas to identify those that are worth pursuing. Pursue your strongest ideas: Mark ideas that keep coming back and are worth developing (e.g., silver star). Write multiple scripts: Develop and write 3-4 additional short scripts to refine your skills. Shift your mindset: View screenwriting as a craft rather than an artistic endeavor to maintain focus on the practical aspects of writing.

Conclusion

The differences between feature and short screenplays lie in the complexity, engagement, and time required. While both require a deep understanding of storytelling and a commitment to refining your ideas, the longer runtime of features demands a more robust story engine and escalating stakes. By understanding these differences and practicing regularly, screenwriters can develop the skills necessary to excel in both short and feature screenwriting.