Introduction to Adi Shankara

Adi Shankara, an influential Hindu philosopher and theologian, is revered for his pivotal role in establishing the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta. His contributions to Hinduism have had a profound impact on the religious, philosophical, and social facets of Indian culture. Throughout the ages, his existence and contributions have been the subject of much debate and research. Central to these discussions is the precise period of Adi Shankara's life – his birth and death years. This article aims to uncover the real period of Adi Shankara based on the available historical evidence.

Historical Evidence Surrounding Adi Shankara's Birth and Death

One of the key pieces of evidence comes from a copper plate inscribed by King Sudhanwa. This plate, dated to Yudhisthira Saka 2663, corresponds to 476 BCE, as per the Gregorian calendar. According to Citsukhas Brhat-Sankara Vijaya, the year 2663 of Yudhishthir Saka also marks the year of Adi Shankara's passing away. Evidence from this plate also suggests that this copper plate was issued to Adi Shankara near the end of his career.

Adi Shankara's Life Period

The inscriptions provide us with a clear timeline indicating that Adi Shankara was born around 508 BCE and died in 476 BCE. Let's break down his life period in more detail:

Birth and Early Life

Based on the Gregorian calendar, Adi Shankara was born around 508 BCE. This birth year is significant as it places him in the aftermath of the Mauryan Empire's control over significant parts of India. The era was marked by the spread of Buddhism and the stability brought about by the last of the great Mauryan kings, Ashoka. Adi Shankara was born into a family of teachers and scholars, which likely influenced his early philosophical inquiries and spiritual growth.

Lifetime and Achievements

Adi Shankara lived for approximately 32 years, a remarkably short life for such an influential philosophical figure. However, during this period, he accomplished many revered tasks, including:

Founding four major monasteries (mathas) in India - Jagannatha Pitha in Odisha, Sringeri Sharada Peetham in Karnataka, Dwarika Pitha in Gujarat, and Jnanalaya Pitha in Bengal. Writing commentaries on the Vedas and other significant texts. Composing many hymns and poems. Promoting the Advaita Vedanta philosophy. Visiting various regions to propagate his teachings. Conclusion

While the exact details of Adi Shankara's life continue to be debated, the copper plate and historical records provide us with a clear timeline. Adi Shankara was born around 508 BCE and lived until 476 BCE, spending his life working tirelessly to establish and propagate the Advaita Vedanta philosophy. His legacy endures, and his works continue to influence both academia and spiritual seekers across the world.

References and Further Reading

1. Adi Shankara: The Life and Works of a Great Philosopher by Prabodh Chandra Bagchi 2. The Brihat-Sankara-Vijaya by Citsukha 3. King Sudhanwa's Copper Plate Inscription 4. Historical records and biographies of Adi Shankara by Mdhava and Sadánanda